An allotrope of carbon and thehardest naturally occurring substance known.It is used for jewelry and,industrially,forcutting and drilling equipment. In diamond,each carbon atom is surrounded by four e-qually spaced carbon atoms arranged tetrahe-drally. Th...[繼續(xù)閱讀]

    See cell參閱119頁(yè)cell。...[繼續(xù)閱讀]

    Describing different quantumstates that havethe same energy. For in-stance,the five d orbitals ina transition-met-al atom all have the same energy but differentvalues of the magnetic quantum number m .Differences in energy occur if a magneticfield is appl...[繼續(xù)閱讀]

    See hydrogen peroxide參閱292頁(yè)hydrogen per-oxide。...[繼續(xù)閱讀]

    Symbol:kWh An m·k·s.system unit of electrical energy often used toto measure electrical power consumption,e-qual to the energy transferred or work doneby one kilowatt of power in one hour. It has avalue of 3.6×106 joules in SI units符號(hào):kWh 米·千克·秒系統(tǒng)中的電能單位,常...[繼續(xù)閱讀]

    A self-sustaining chemicalreaction consisting of a series of steps,eachof which is initiated by the one before it. Anexample is the reaction between hydrogenand chlorine:Cl2→2Cl·H2+Cl·→HCl+H·H·+Cl2→HCl+Cl·2H·→H22Cl·→Cl2The first stage,chain initiation,is ...[繼續(xù)閱讀]

    See tritium參閱593頁(yè)tritium。...[繼續(xù)閱讀]

    A colorlesssyrupy liquid,usually used in solution in wa-ter. Although it is stable when pure,on con-tact with bases such as manganese(Ⅳ) oxideit gives off oxygen,the manganese(Ⅳ) oxideacting as a catalyst:過氧化氫(H2O2) 無色糖漿狀液體,經(jīng)常使用的是它的水溶液。盡管過氧化氫...[繼續(xù)閱讀]

    1. A range ofelectromagnetic radiation emitted or absorbedby a substance under particular circum-stances. In an emission spectrum ,light orother radiation emitted by the object is ana-lyzed to determine the particular wavelengthsproduced. The emission of ...[繼續(xù)閱讀]

    A DIBASIC ACID formed in small amounts in solution whencarbon dioxide dissolves in water:CO2 +H2O⇌H2CO3It forms two series of salts: hydrogencarbon-ates (HCO-3) and carbonates (CO32-). The pure acid cannot be isolated .二氧化碳溶于水時(shí)形成的少量二元酸:CO2+H2O⇌...[繼續(xù)閱讀]